The Union government announced Amaravati as India's first Integrated Financial City — a dedicated policy and infrastructure initiative to cluster financial services, fintech, and support services with an aim to deepen capital markets and attract global investment.

The Lowy Institute's Asia Power Index 2025 placed India third in the regional power ranking — a composite measure of military capability, economic resources, resilience, cultural influence and diplomatic engagement.

The Riyadh Metro, a six-line urban rail network spanning 176 km, was recognized as the world's longest fully driverless metro system, marking a major milestone in Middle East public transport infrastructure.

Russian President Vladimir Putin was scheduled to visit India in early December 2025 with talks centring on defence cooperation, energy partnerships, and regional strategic issues.

Italy revealed a new multi-domain defence system developed by Leonardo, called the Michelangelo Dome, aimed at countering missiles, drones, and cyber threats.

The Assam government launched the Prerona Scheme to provide monthly stipends to Class 10 students preparing for board exams, aiming to reduce dropouts and support disadvantaged learners.

Authorities lifted GRAP Stage 3 measures in the Delhi-NCR region after air-quality monitors recorded sustained improvements, easing restrictions on construction and vehicular movement.

A multinational law-enforcement operation codenamed Operation Eagle Force resulted in arrests and seizures linked to a Nigerian drug-trafficking cartel operating transnational networks.

A 77-foot statue of Lord Ram was inaugurated in Goa as part of a public art and heritage project; the ceremony drew political attention and discussions on cultural policy and state sponsorship of religious symbols.

All-rounder Deepti Sharma emerged as the most expensive player in the WPL 2026 auction, highlighting the commercial growth of women's cricket and the market dynamics of sports leagues.

The annual India International Trade Fair showcased trade pavilions, start-ups, and state expos, focusing on export promotion and MSME participation.

The Chanakya Defence Dialogue convened military leaders, strategists and academics to discuss evolving security challenges and defence diplomacy.

Twelve beaches in India gained the Blue Flag eco-certification, recognising high environmental and safety standards and boosting eco-tourism credentials.

A Bangladeshi court sentenced former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to 21 years in a high-profile case, triggering regional political reactions and legal scrutiny.

The Law Commission submitted an opinion on the feasibility and legal implications of synchronising national and state elections — the "One Nation, One Election" concept — noting constitutional and logistical challenges.

The Supreme Court declared the Electoral Bonds scheme unconstitutional, holding that it violated the right to information and undermined transparency in political funding.

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of the 2019 abrogation of Article 370, which granted special status to Jammu and Kashmir, while directing restoration of statehood.

A seven-judge Constitution Bench ruled that states can sub-classify Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes for more equitable distribution of reservation benefits.

The Supreme Court declined to legalize same-sex marriage but recognized the rights of queer couples to cohabit, access joint bank accounts, and be free from discrimination.

A nine-judge bench ruled that private property can be considered material resources of the community under Article 39(b), enabling state acquisition for public distribution.

Justice Sanjiv Khanna was sworn in as the 51st Chief Justice of India, succeeding Justice D.Y. Chandrachud, with a tenure until May 2025.

The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, the Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors (Hibakusha), for their efforts toward nuclear disarmament.

South Korean author Han Kang became the first Korean and first Asian woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, honored for her intense poetic prose.

Five leaders received Bharat Ratna in 2024: LK Advani, Karpoori Thakur, PV Narasimha Rao, Chaudhary Charan Singh, and MS Swaminathan (four posthumously).

India achieved its best-ever Olympic performance with 6 medals at Paris 2024, including historic achievements in shooting and wrestling.

Brazil hosted the G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro with focus on fighting hunger, sustainable development, and global governance reform.

COP29 in Baku focused on climate finance, with contentious negotiations over the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) for funding from developed to developing nations.

BRICS expanded to include Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and UAE, significantly reshaping the bloc economic and geopolitical weight.

ISRO Chandrayaan-3 successfully soft-landed on the Moon south pole, making India the first nation to achieve this feat and only the fourth to land on the Moon.

ISRO launched Aditya-L1, India first space-based solar observatory, to study the Sun from the Lagrange Point 1 (L1) - about 1.5 million km from Earth.

India approved major semiconductor fabrication and assembly plants with Rs 76,000 crore in investments, aiming to establish domestic chip manufacturing capacity.

India ranked 105th out of 127 countries in the Global Hunger Index 2024, with a serious hunger level, sparking debate over methodology and government response.

Three new criminal laws - Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam - came into force, replacing the IPC, CrPC, and Evidence Act.

The Constitution (106th Amendment) Act reserves 33% of seats in Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women, to be implemented after delimitation post-2026 Census.

Uttarakhand became the first state in independent India to enact a Uniform Civil Code, standardizing laws on marriage, divorce, inheritance, and live-in relationships.

India enacted its first comprehensive data protection law, establishing rights for data principals and obligations for data fiduciaries handling personal data.